Forex encyclopedia

Market Order – an order for purchase-sale of currency pair at present price. Execution by broker of this order leads to an immediate opening of trade position. Currency is bought at ASK price, and is sold at BID price. This is the fastest way to open position, but it should be noted that under high volatility “Market” order is not the best possible option. Pending Order – an order for the future purchase-sale of currency pair at specified price. It is used for opening trading position on condition that future quotes are equal to preset level. Its advantage is that broker will fulfill it regardless of connection with trading terminal and server. In this case trader does not have to stick to market all the time. Broker can remove order only if margin is insufficient. In other cases order is effective until it is fulfilled, expired or canceled by trader.
On August 15, 1971, the United States of America unilaterally declared of canceling of direct convertibility of its national currency to gold. It finished an epoch of Bretton Woods currency system, US dollar rate started floating and gold turned into independent asset. This event is known in the history as Nixon Shock, because despite of being long-expected, it was a total shock for the most part of countries. The world required several years from then on to develop and launch new rules for international trading.
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