Forex market has its driving forces. Such forces are participants of market. For clarity, it is accepted to divide them into several types: bulls, bears, pigs, rabbits, hogs, lambs. In this zoo, driving forces are exactly bulls and bears. Their clear intentions and determination can greatly influence currency rates. This terminology was adopted from stock market, where emotions play not the last role in movement of quotes, thus, analogy with animals and their typical behaviour provides a clear idea on psychology of market participant.
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On August 15, 1971, the United States of America unilaterally declared of canceling of direct convertibility of its national currency to gold. It finished an epoch of Bretton Woods currency system, US dollar rate started floating and gold turned into independent asset. This event is known in the history as Nixon Shock, because despite of being long-expected, it was a total shock for the most part of countries. The world required several years from then on to develop and launch new rules for international trading.
